Napoleon Essay -- European History Military Generals Essays

Napoleon â€Å"I live only for posterity, death is nothing, but to live without glory is to die every day† (Lefebvre 43). Napoleon was driven by his desire for glory and ambition and his ascension was tremendous. Born in Corsica, his family moved to France, in Marseilles, when he was only a child. From the state of a â€Å"lieutenant,† at the age of sixteen, to the one of emperor in 1804, till reigning over the European continent after his conquest of Prussia, his ascension was not only due to the events that occurred during his life, but was also due to his ambition and his tremendous genius. His genius was both military and political. Napoleon was a military genius because of his career rapidity. He went to the School of Officers in Paris. At the age of sixteen he was already a lieutenant. At Toulon, this battle enabled him to climb quickly the echelons in the military. As Chandler states, Napoleon gave military orders to produce a large number of guns. These guns and mortars provided Napoleon the possibility to attack the different forts situated in places that were overlooking the harbor. Because of this production, Napoleon was able to produce enough guns to attack the place without having a great loss in his army. Horne declared the recapture of the port became possible because the previous attacks enabled Napoleon to place a number of guns and mortars in good position to fire the British fleet commanded by Hood (17). By the success of his capture, the British fleet left the harbor and Napoleon gained great recognition by the military and was soon after promoted to the rank of â€Å"gà ©neral de brigade.† Napoleon’s military genius is perceived through the new division of the army. Gates state... ..., Georges. â€Å"A Romantic Tempered by Realpolitik.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989. Napoleonic Europe 1812. Map. Atlas of European History. By Bartholomew, Edinburgh. New York: HarperCollins, 1994. 148-49 Rothenberg, Gunther. â€Å"Military Affairs.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar, Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989. Rowe, Michael. â€Å"Debate: Napoleon and the Post-Revolutionary Management of Sovereignty.† Modern and Contemporary France 8.4 (2000): 510-13. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Roesch Library, Dayton. 04 Nov. 2002 Vandal, Albert. â€Å"The Restoration of Order and National Unity.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989.

Banking and Its Influential Factors in the Economy

Banking is one of the most influential factors on the economies of today†s society. As with everything these days, technology is changing where, when and most of all, how we do things, specifically banking and other related financial transactions and arrangements such as mortgages, etc. Recently, in Toronto, the very city we live in, we were in the midst of two possible bank mergers, which would have changed banking and on a larger scale the entire economy, in many ways. In comparison to the larger banks of the world, Canada†s most major banks are not even close to the size and caliber of international banks like ING Direct, for example. This would not typically be a problem for Canadian banks, however when these international banks move into Canada, which has happened already, and is bound to happen even more as time passes and Canada becomes a more prosperous country, it quickly becomes a very large problem. Banks are an extremely affluent business. Regardless of where you are in the world banks are right at the top of the list when it comes to capital, equity and earnings. Canada fits right in, in comparison to the rest of Canada. But when we compare Canada†s banks to those of other countries, or even better, international banks, they are simply insignificant. For example, hypothetically speaking, if the entire world were opting whether or not to adopt a single currency, most deciding factors would be made by the banks of each individual country. Canada, although it is a major world leader in many other categories, would not be looked upon as a country that knew much about international stature, in terms of banking. In this essay I will try to prove how banking is one of the most influential factors on the economy by using factual cases from recent times. What does better customer relations† mean? Increasingly, customers are demanding more convenient ways to do their banking. An Ernst and Young study (Technology in Banking Report) concluded, â€Å"nothing changes in the banking world if customers cannot get financial services when and where they wish†¦this means anywhere, at any time. † Statistics show that ATM†s telephone banking, and home banking account for over fifty percent of all banking transactions today, and total non-branch activity is growing at fifteen percent a year. In one survey (Web-Tech, Inc., May 17, 1995), eighty-two percent of 18- to 34-year olds polled preferred banks with 24-hour service. Customers are also demanding a more sophisticated mix of products tailored specifically to their financial needs, and non-bank competitors are better fulfilling these needs. Banks today hold only 20% of household financial assets, versus 34% twenty years ago; they have 30% of business deposits, versus 42% only seven years ago. Non-bank credit card providers have gained inroads against banks, holding a 25% market share versus 5% in 1986 (WebTech, Inc., May 17, 1995). Internet banking offers an attractive solution to this redesigned products and services. Customers have 24-hour graphical-interface access to their accounts and appreciate that their bank is doing something to make banking easier for them. A country, like a business or a person, is constantly doing anything in its power to better itself. A business, like a society, is either growing or declining; the competitive world allows no other options. Human nature will allow no state of rest. Economics is the study of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services (Ammer, pg. 186), all of which, if stopped, would cause a business or a country to grind to a halt. From these statements we realize that change is an integral part of the world of economics. Not necessarily a change in what we create, rather the way we do it. Technology, that is, the development of new materials, products, machinery, and processes can create new products and concepts as well as improve production and efficiency for existing products a few key factors that determine economic growth. As a result, new jobs are created, existing ones are made easier and more efficient, and the in the end there is a greater profit margin (Thurow, pg. 69, 304). To understand this topic I will look at the effects of technology on economic growth compared to those of the other four factors, There are five factors, which affect a country's economic growth, Each factor has its own effect on economic growth, however together they produce a greater overall effect. Picture a bank without any branches. No tellers. No rows of desks. No racks of brochures, no automated teller machines outside. Picture, in fact, a virtual bank, one that for the customer exists only in his or her office or home, as images on a computer screen. US financial institutions are moving towards â€Å"virtual banking.† This strategy is about making bank products and services available to customers any time and any place they want them. As virtual banking becomes more popular, it is very likely that more customer service will be seen while the number of traditional teller-staffed branches will decline. Bank customers will move away from traditional banking and will become more dependent on electronic transactions using ATMs or PCs (Britt, Savings&Community Banker, February 1995, p.9). Thanks to this â€Å"technical revolution†, financial institutions are using software programs, online services, and even the Internet to allow customers to check balances, pay bills, and transfer funds among accounts. Bankers promise that, in the near future, we will also be able to more easily buy certificates of deposit, mutual funds, and other investments, and even apply for loans electronically. For most people, today's best option may be plug into their bank through one of three leading home-budgeting software programs, these programs are: By charging $5 to $20 a month for such services, banks are sure to cash in on the high-tech superhighway. This would make everything much easier for customers. All that is required is a personal computer, software and a modem, all of which the majority of people in today†s society have. On-screen instructions, filled with colorful graphics and pictures, explain how to select and work on various tasks. The system automatically calculates and updates account balances and keeps records of bills. A handful of banks have already set up home pages on the Internet to provide information to their existing and potential customers about upcoming services. They started their transactions. Internet banking differs from the traditional PC banking model in several ways. In most home banking ventures, the bank sends an application software program to the customer which runs on the customer's PC. The customer then dials into the bank with their modem, downloads data, and runs the programs that are resident on their computer, perhaps sending back a batch of requests such as transfers between accounts. It demands more and more space and speed from the customer's computer. With Internet banking, on the other hand, there are potential customers who already have all the software they need to do their banking, since all they need is a browser. The actual banking software resides on the bank's server in the form of their home page. This software can be updated at any moment with new information, such as new prices or products, without having to send anything to the customer; it can also continue to expand and become more sophisticated without becoming cumbersome for the customer to operate. Banking with a browser, on the other hand, involves a continuous, interactive session, initiated by a local telephone call to a local access provider or online service. By developing internal expertise today, banks can prepare themselves to react quickly and efficiently to competitive moves and consumer trends as the financial services industry changes. Employees at Bank of America, Chemical, Wells Fargo, and other large U.S. banks use them to buy lunch and snacks. Smart cards-plastic cards with computer chips-are starting to be used for prepayment, debit, and credit purchases all over the world. In the U.S., smart cards can be only used at a contained group of machines, or for one purpose. â€Å"They are part of the broader shift to electronic delivery, to making ATMs more functional, to using PCs and the Internet to do home banking.† says Edgar Brown, senior vice-president of alternative delivery products at First Union, Charlotte, N.C. One of the advantages of using chips on cards with or instead of magnetic stripes is better security. Microprocessor chips are very difficult to alter or forge. Chips can carry more information than magnetic stripes can. A microprocessor chip can store up to eight kilobytes of data. Smart cards make cheaper and faster payments possible. Money can be deducted from a chip without on-line authorization. This makes for a two-second transaction versus an up-to-two-minutes one, and telecommunications costs are saved (Lunt, P., ABA Banking Journal, September 1995, p.46). We can plainly see that there are many factors having great importance, when dealing with the economy. There are many things we must take into consideration in order to make any kind of an informed economic decision.

Executive Order 9835 Demanded Loyalty

In 1947, World War II had just ended, the Cold War had just begun, and Americans were seeing communists everywhere. It was in that politically-charged atmosphere of fear that President Harry S. Truman on March 21, 1947, issued an executive order establishing an official â€Å"Loyalty Program† intended to identify and eliminate communists in the U.S. government. Key Takeaways: Executive Order 9835 Executive Order 9835 was a presidential executive order issued by President Harry S. Truman on March 21, 1947. The so-called â€Å"Loyalty Order† created a controversial â€Å"Federal Employee Loyalty Program† charged with eliminating communists from all areas of the U.S. government. The order empowered the FBI to investigate federal employees and created presidentially-appointed Loyalty Review Boards to act on reports from the FBI.Between 1947 and 1953, more than 3 million federal employees were investigated, with 308 fired after being declared security risks by the Loyalty Review Boards.   Truman’s Executive Order 9835, often called the â€Å"Loyalty Order,† created the Federal Employee Loyalty Program, which authorized the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to conduct initial background checks on federal employees and carry out more in-depth investigations when warranted. The order also created Presidentially-appointed Loyalty Review Boards to investigate and act on the findings of the FBI. â€Å"There shall be a loyalty investigation of every person entering the civilian employment of any department or agency of the executive branch of the Federal Government,† the Loyalty Order decreed, also providing that, â€Å"equal protection from unfounded accusations of disloyalty must be afforded the loyal employees.† According to the paper The Second Red Scare, Digital History, Post-War America 1945-1960 from the University of Houston, the Loyalty Program investigated over 3 million federal employees, 308 of whom were fired after being declared security risks. Background: Rise of the Communist Threat Shortly after the end of World War II, not only had the entire world learned the horrors of nuclear weapons, America’s relationship with the Soviet Union had deteriorated from wartime allies to staunch enemies. Based on reports that the USSR had succeeded in developing its own nuclear weapons, Americans, including government leaders, were gripped by a fear of the Soviets and communists in general, whoever and wherever they might be.  Ã‚   Growing economic tension between the two nations, along with fears of uncontrolled Soviet spy activity in America began to influence ​U.S. foreign policy and, of course, politics. Conservative groups and the Republican Party sought to use the so-called â€Å"Red Scare† threat of Communism to their advantage in the 1946 midterm Congressional elections by claiming that President Truman and his Democratic Party were â€Å"soft on Communism.† Eventually, the fear that communists were beginning to infiltrate the U.S. government itself became a key campaign issue. In November 1946, Republican candidates won sweeping victories nationwide resulting in Republican control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate.   Truman Responds to the Red Scare Two weeks after the election, on November 25, 1946, President Truman responded to his Republican critics by creating the Presidents Temporary Commission on Employee Loyalty or TCEL. Made up of representatives from six Cabinet-level government departments under the chairmanship of a Special Assistant to the U.S. Attorney General, TCEL was intended to create federal loyalty standards and procedures for the removal of disloyal or subversive individuals from federal government positions. The New York Times printed the TCEL announcement on its front page under the headline, â€Å"President orders purge of disloyal from U.S. posts.† Truman demanded that the TCEL report its findings to the White House by February 1, 1947, less than two months before he issued his Executive Order 9835 creating the Loyalty Program. Did Politics Force Truman’s Hand? Historians contend that the timing of Truman’s actions, taken so soon after the Republican Congressional victories, show that both the TCEL and the subsequent Loyalty Order had been politically motivated.   Truman, it seems, was not as worried about Communist infiltration as the terms of his Loyalty Order indicated. In February 1947, he wrote to Pennsylvania’s Democratic Governor George Earle, â€Å"People are very much wrought up about the communist bugaboo but I am of the opinion that the country is perfectly safe so far as Communism is concerned—we have too many sane people.† How the Loyalty Program Worked Truman’s Loyalty Order directed the FBI to investigate the backgrounds, associations, and beliefs of any of the approximately 2 million executive branch federal employees. The FBI reported the results of their investigations to one or more of the 150 Loyalty Review Boards in various government agencies. The Loyalty Review Boards were authorized to conduct their own investigations and to collect and consider testimony from witnesses whose names were not disclosed. Notably, the employees being targeted by the loyalty investigations were not allowed to confront the witnesses testifying against them. Employees could be fired if the loyalty board found â€Å"reasonable doubt† regarding their loyalty to the U.S. government or ties to communist organizations. The Loyalty Order defined five specific categories of disloyalty for which employees or applicants could be fired or rejected for employment. These were: Sabotage, espionage, spying or the advocacy thereofTreason, sedition or the advocacy thereof;Intentional, unauthorized disclosure of confidential informationAdvocacy of the violent overthrow of the U.S. governmentMembership in, affiliation with or sympathetic association with any organization labeled as totalitarian, fascist, Communist or subversive The Subversive Organization List and McCarthyism Truman’s Loyalty Order resulted in the controversial â€Å"Attorney Generals List of Subversive Organizations† (AGLOSO), which contributed the second American Red Scare from 1948 to 1958 and the phenomenon known as â€Å"McCarthyism.† Between 1949 and 1950, the Soviet Union demonstrated that it had indeed developed nuclear weapons, China fell to Communism, and Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy famously declared that the U.S. Department of State employed more than 200 â€Å"known communists.† Despite having issued his Loyalty Order, President Truman again faced charges that his administration was â€Å"coddling† communists. Results and Demise  of Truman’s Loyalty Order According to historian Robert H. Ferrell’s book Harry S. Truman: A Life, by mid-1952, the Loyalty Review Boards created by Truman’s Loyalty Order had investigated more than 4 million actual or prospective federal employees, of which 378 were fired or denied employment. â€Å"None of the discharged cases led to discovery of espionage,† noted Ferrell. Truman’s Loyalty program has been widely criticized as an unwarranted attack on innocent Americans,  driven by the Red Scare. As the Cold War’s threat of nuclear attack grew more serious during the 1950s, Loyalty Order investigations became more common. According to the book Civil Liberties and the Legacy of Harry S. Truman, edited by Richard S. Kirkendall, â€Å"the program exerted its chilling effect on a far larger number of employees than those who were dismissed.† In April 1953, Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued Executive Order 10450 revoking Truman’s Loyalty Order and dismantling the Loyalty Review Boards. Instead, Eisenhower’s order directed the heads of federal agencies and the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, supported by the FBI, to investigate federal employees to determine whether they posed security risks.

Spread of Buddhism in China - 834 Words

Buddhism arrived in China by the first century C.E. by way of the Silk Road. Initially, the spread of Buddhism was met with positivity, but as the centuries passed, the Chinese began to view it in a negative light. Additionally, during a period of disunity and political instability, the Chinese peasants welcomed Buddhism, but as Buddhism became more popular, Chinese aristocracy and government saw it as a threat to their power and moved to discredit its movement. Documents 1, 2, and 5 positively supported the spread of Buddhism, and Documents 4 and 6 negatively viewed the spread of Buddhism. The change in attitude corresponding to the spread of Buddhism is presented with Documents 1, 2, and 3, which initially support Buddhism, and Documents 4, 5, and 6, which shows the changing opinions on Buddhism. It would be beneficial to see additional documents written by a peasant in order to show the contrast between elite responses and their motives for choosing a foreign religion over the tra ditional Confucianism. Another helpful document would be a response from a woman because it would be useful to know the reasons a woman in Chinese society would choose Buddhism and their perspective as opposed to the point of view of men. Documents 1, 2, and 5 positively support the spread of Buddhism in China. Document 1 is written by the Buddha himself, and lays down the basic principles followed by all Buddhists. It shows that by eliminating cravings, sorrow would stop. Nevertheless, it isShow MoreRelatedThe Spread Of Buddhism And China1761 Words   |  8 PagesBy 100 C.E., Buddhism founded in India in the 6th century B.C.E was brought to China, gradually winning converts following the collapse of the Han dynasty in 220 C.E., but responses to the spread of Buddhism in China differed. Some faction of people didn’t see the spread of Buddhism as a threat they saw it as what it was, a religion brought to China even though it not an aspect of China,it still should be respected differed from faction of people who saw the spread of Buddhism as barbaric invasionRead MoreSpread of Buddhism in China Essay773 Words   |  4 PagesIt is believed that Buddhism spread to China through the Silk Road. When the Silk Road opened in the 2nd century BC, missionaries and pilgrims spread Buddhism to China. Chang Ch’ien was recorded to first bring Buddhism to China when he heard about India and Buddhist beliefs on his way back to China. In about the 1st century BC, a Buddhist community is said to have been living in China. But the most well-known story of the spreading of Buddhism is when Han emperor, Mingdi, had a dream about BuddhaRead MoreHow Did Buddhism Spread Throught China? Essay829 Words   |  4 PagesThere are multiple reasons why and how Buddhism spread in China. I feel that factors like, religion, politics, and social, played a major part in spreading Buddhism throughout China. The factors mentioned are usually a contributor in global changes and has definitely played its part in China’s adapting a new belief. Of course there were other reasons, like economic, that caused the people of China to gravitate to the Buddhist ways. People reconsidering their faith, due to many of life downfalls orRead MoreThe Response to the Spread of Buddhism in China Differed According to Ones Social Position594 Words   |  3 PagesThe response to the spread of Buddhism in China differed according to one’s social position. Confucian scholars and the emperor attacked Buddhism as an outlandish, barbaric belief. â€Å"The Memorial of Buddhism† written by Han Yu, a Confucian scholar, opposes Buddhism when the emperor decides to bring â€Å"the finger bone of Buddha† into the Chinese palace. He shows the unjust actions of the emperor by referring back to Confucian teachings such as keeping â€Å"[ghosts and spirits] at a distance†. The scholarRead MoreAp World History Dbq Buddhism1014 Words   |  5 PagesBuddhism began by Buddha himself preaching his enlightenment message on his view on the world and how humans should, and the best way to, succeed in the world. However in the 6th century BCE the government had fallen and there was period of instability until the Sui Dynasty took over, during this period was when Buddhism began to majorly spread. After the fall of the Han dynasty, there were many responses to the spread of Buddhism throughout China between the 6th century BCE and 57 0 CE. BuddhismRead MoreThe Religion Of Buddhism And Buddhism1730 Words   |  7 Pageshave spread all over to many parts of the world to promote their idea of spiritual enlightenment and peace. One of the interesting things that occurs with some of these religions is after it spreads to a new area, how it becomes popular with the people and becomes a part of everyday life. The religion of Buddhism is one of these that had this effect when it began to spread from India where it originated, to many Asian countries especially China where it would have the biggest impact. In China, BuddhismRead MoreWhen Asia Was the World Book Analysis Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesGordon’s When Asia Was The World, I found the story of Xuanzang very interesting. Xuanzang was a Buddhist monk who traveled all over to learn more about Buddhism until he became confused and decided to go to the center of Buddhism, along the way he faced many difficulties, he decided to go back to China and share w hat he had learned. Buddhism began in India; it was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, a prince, born in Nepal. Siddhartha Gautama wandered around for awhile acting like a beggar to figureRead MoreBuddhism in China Essay examples815 Words   |  4 PagesBuddhism in China Between the third and ninth centuries C.E. China underwent a number of changes in its cultural makeup. Foremost amongst them was the adoption of Buddhist religious practices. I must stress that this was not a formal or universal change in religion but a slow integration of a system that permitted adaptation of its own form to promote acceptance as long as the fundamental theories and practices remained the same, unlike most religions. Buddhism worked its way intoRead MoreThe Spread of Buddhism Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesThe Spread of Buddhism Buddhism is a philosophy, a moral code, and, for some a religious faith which originated in 530 BC in India. Buddhism evolved as a modification of Hinduism when Hinduism started to become very complicated due to too many sacrifices in the name of God. Today, an estimated 300 million people follow one of the many varieties of Buddhism. Budda, or Siddhartha Guatama which means the awakened one had the religion named after him because he founded the ideas behind BuddhismRead MoreAp World Dbq 2004772 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough Buddhism began in India, it gradually transferred to China in the 200s. There, it was met by mixed reviews in all classes. Some dynasties preferred its philosophy and promise of afterlife to the rigid Confucian ideals that were previously imposed although the Chinese turned to Buddhism for it promises of eternal enlightenment during times of hardship and invasion, the period that followed led to many attempts to reconcile the religion with the traditional Confucianism, increasing many views

Internet and People - 941 Words

Carmen Cruz English 112 Professor: Chrysula Norway Date: March 7th, 2013 â€Å"The Impact of the Internet on the Society† At the present time, technology is part of our life as soon we woke up we start to use the internet, and we have the power to connect with billions of people and make researches instantly without move from the place that we are. The internet is the best magic thing that we can use to communicate. Media communication are everywhere since children and old people have an easy access permitting to be communicate with the whole world. Many years ago, the internet was not so popular because no everyone had access for these reason to make a researches we should go to the library and spent a lot time reading books. In†¦show more content†¦In addition, there is not privacy because any person can have your information, and destroy your life. For example, Tyler Clementi committed suicide after becoming the victim online bullying. The internet is a tool which could be used for cyber bulling, and many occasions this type of bulling can have a tragic end finishing with somebody’s l ife. Moreover, any person especially children and teenagers can have easy access to see and communicate with inadequate website or people that could hurt them. Also, false identities are a big problem because many teenagers and children have been victims because they do not know to whom they are talking. Furthermore, many criminals and evil people use the internet to delinquent the society. Other mayor social problem is the addiction that the internet is causing and many users, and this terrible situation is happening to us. For example, there are many illnesses, personality disorders and depression caused by the internet. In short, there is no doubt the internet has caused negatives effects on the society. In conclusion, the internet is a great service, and with the explosion of internet in the past years there is no doubt that the internet has impacted our society. This tool is a weapon, which has caused positives social effects, permitting to be joining with billions of internet users and get instantly results in any research. However, the internet hasShow MoreRelatedHow People Communicate On The Internet Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pages Introduction The advent of the internet ushered in an information age thereby seeing the interconnection of computers and other handheld gadgets through a maze of networks. The internet technology has also changed the way people communicate. Businesses and the society in general have embraced the new means of communication using the internet. However, the internet is vulnerable to security threats from hackers. Moreover, the high-speed connections for internet users provide more bandwidth and resourcesRead MoreImpacts of the Internet on Young People1900 Words   |  8 PagesHANOI UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION STUDIES DEPARTMENT ------------oOo-------------- IMPACTS OF THE INTERNET ON YOUNG PEOPLE   Ã‚   Teacher: Mrs. Phuong Le Students: Nguyen Thi Lua Nguyen Thuy Trang Read MoreThe Internet Is A Tool For The Mind And People Essay1770 Words   |  8 PagesThe internet is probably the best invention we ever had. Our society can literally look up anything they want and there will be answer online. You can look up anyone and find some type of information on them. The internet is a tool for the mind and people can benefit tremendously off of it or waste their time on social media and never reach their potential. Social commerce is the use of social networks in the context of E-commerce transactions. Social commerce involves using social media, onlineRead MoreReasons Why People Use the Internet995 Words   |  4 Pagesis the Internet, and how does it work? The Internet, including the World Wide Web, is perhaps the single most important invention to impact on elementary, secondary, and higher education in todays world. If parents are to understand how their children use technologies for learning, they must understand some things about the Internet and the Web. This section of the San Diego Public Library site offers information for parents on various aspects of this invention. What is the Internet? TheRead MoreThe Effects Of Internet On Children And Young People1414 Words   |  6 PagesPractitioners have a responsibility towards children and young people to make them aware of the dangers which they may face in the outside world. In school, this awareness has historically been around issues such as road safety, stranger danger and how to treat and respond to others. As well as being an additional resource, the emergence of the Internet has opened up a wide range of additional threats to children. As many children now have access to a computer in their own homes it is important forRead MoreThe Effects Of Internet On Young People At Risk Of Suicide1171 Words   |  5 PagesThere is concern that the Internet is playing an increasing role in suicide. Youth who self harm or are suicidal often make use of the internet. It is commonly used for helpful reasons such as searching for support or for coping mechanisms, but it can exert a negative effect, standardizing suicidal behavior o r preventing disclosure or discouraging seeking help from metal health professionals. The internet has created online communities that can be used as support, and communities that can be misusedRead MoreWhat People Do On The Internet Most Of The Time?1524 Words   |  7 Pages Think of what people do on the internet most of the time. They are either looking for some kind of entertainment, or information. They have a demand for some kind of service. Websites are the supply for this demand. However the time a person spends online is limited, so websites are competing for the eyeballs of those people. It is important to mention that your competitors are the websites who contain the same information as yours. So if you have a website about fly fishing for salmon, you areRead MoreThe Internet Can Make People Smarter And Their Lives Easier1561 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2000 the number of internet users in the world was roughly 738 million. In 2015, that number has increased to 3 billion people who use the internet on a daily basis, and is only growing larger (Davidson). With the increase of users, there are many negative things that a person can come across like pornogrophy, scams and viruses, access to personal information, and cyber bullying, but the use of the internet can make people smarter and their lives easier in many ways. When scrolling through differentRead MoreEmail, Internet And Digital Literacy Among The Indigenous People1325 Words   |  6 Pagesexamines an issues of email, internet and digital literacy among the Indigenous people. The focus is particularly on email access, security and accessibility. It is also explain improvement of the internet and email access for aboriginal individuals. Keywords: Digital divide, indigenous people, internet skills, email access, Indigenous employment, Security Introduction: The developing technology of information on the internet and individuals expanding reliance on data, internet skills ought to be consideredRead MoreWhy Do People Talk About Politics On The Internet1455 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Do People Talk About Politics on the Internet: Craigslist’s Digital Forum’s My ethnography is focused on the digital community present in the Craigslist politics world forum, where people can create and comment on threads of topics and questions that interested them and other members. My main interest of this ethnography is why members and visitors of the Craigslist politics world forum specifically use this digital community to discuss the upcoming US presidential election when there

Promote Positve Behaviour Free Essays

1. Identify types of challenging behaviour. There are many types of behaviour that can be described as challenging. We will write a custom essay sample on Promote Positve Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now Examples of these include: self-injury (eg head banging, self-biting, skin picking)  physical aggression or violent behaviour (eg punching, scratching, kicking, biting, pulling hair) verbal aggression (eg threats, insults, excessive swearing)  disruption and destruction of property or the environment (eg ripping clothes, breaking windows or furniture) racist or sexist behaviour. Stereotyped behaviours (eg rocking, spinning, hand flapping) inappropriate or unacceptable sexual behaviour (eg masturbating in public, touching others inappropriately or showing pornography) smearing and urination (eg smearing faeces, urinating in inappropriate places) stealing (eg taking possessions/food that do not belong to the individual) manipulative, deceitful and non-compliant behaviour (eg refusing to move, refusing to engage in an activity despite being able, telling lies) absconding (eg leaving school/home/residential service without permission). 3. Explain the steps that are taken to maintain the dignity of and respect for an individual when responding to an incident of challenging behaviour. Children must always be treated with dignity and respect with. This may be difficult when their behaviour is threatening to their peers or members of staff, however it is essential to remember that it’s the behaviour that is adverse and not the YP. When challenging the behaviour it is important to disapprove of the negative behaviour, not the individual. Should the situation require reactive strategies, it is important to uphold best practise and continue to treat the YP in a child centred way, according to their placement plan, risk assessment and positive handling plan, paying attention to the YP faith, beliefs, culture while maintaining dignity. For example, when holding a YP, ensuring that the hold is not intrusive, especially to private parts of the body. Should the YP clothes ride up, for staff to inform the YP that they are about to adjust their clothing. It is important to maintain dignity and respect when recording the incident. Not  using a derogatory tone when referring to the YP, instead recording in a way that describes the negative behaviour displayed by the YP. How to cite Promote Positve Behaviour, Papers

Microbiomes Diseases by Taxonom

Question: 1: Name 2 barriers that prevent bacteria from entering and subsequently colonising the gut. 2: In what instance can S.Aureus become pathogenic 3: What bacterial species can typically form a biofilm on enamel? 4: Give one example each of a gut, skin and urogenital microbe 5: How does 16S RNA satisfy the criteria as a marker and name one database commonly used for analysing 16s sequence data. 6: Define an operational taxonomic unit (OTU) and what does the binning process allow. What type of analysis is used to determine which OTUs represent significant changes in population? 7: How does a Whole Metagenomics shotgun (WMS) analysis differ from a Metatranscriptomics analysis. 8: Give one example of a catalogue of reference pathways and describe the pathway inference process. 9: What is a gnotobiotic process and give an example of one bacterial phylum that is perturbed during obesity 10: Give an example of disease treated with a fecal microbiota transplantation. Answer: Microbiome Several barriers prevent bacteria from entering and subsequently colonizing the gut. Firstly, highly concentrated hydrochloric acid is secreted in the gastric cavity not only to activate digestive enzymes but also kills pathogens that are likely to colonize the gastrointestinal tract and cause infection. The high acidic condition in the stomach makes it impossible for most of the bacteria not to thrive hence it serves as a protective measure against infections. Secondly, the gut is composed of several microflorae from just after the birth of an individual. These commensal microorganisms contribute to the development of a mucosal immune system that responds and protects the gut from bacterial colonization. Disruption of this microflora may result in pseudomembranous colitis, inflammatory bowel disease and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (Baker, Nicklin Griffiths, 2011). Staphylococcus Aureus is naturally found in the skin, nose mucous membrane and the respiratory tract but causes no infection under normal circumstances. However, it may cause infection when there is reduced integrity of the skin and mucous membranes that allow it to gain access to the systemic circulation. It usually causes pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients such as those suffering from HIV/AIDS and therefore immunosuppression is another factor that is implicated in infection causation by Aureus (Baker, Nicklin Griffiths, 2011). Biofilm on the enamel is formed from a series of phases that result in the colonization and formation of highly adhesive The bacterial species that are mostly involved in this biofilm formation include Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis and Actenomyces viscosus among other gram positive and negative bacteria (Baker, Nicklin Griffiths, 2011). Different body parts are composed of microbes which cause no infection under normal health conditions of an individual. They are generally beneficial as they protect one from infection by other more harmful pathogens (Bauman, 2014). The bacteria found in the gut are Actinomyces viscosus, Bacteroides gingivalis, Clostridium defficile and Citrobacter freundii Those found on the skin are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Streptococcus viridans and Epidermophyton floccosum. In the urogenital, there exists Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Candida albicans, and Streptococcus anginosus. The gene 16S of rRNA is preferred as a marker for the identification of bacteria because DNA analysis is more reliable than the classification of bacteria based on their phenotypic nature. Secondly, the 16S rRNA gene is present in almost all bacteria, and it is distinct from its homologous gene 18S in eukaryotic rRNA, and therefore it becomes very crucial in distinguishing a bacteria from eukaryotic DNA in the same sample. It is also 1.5 kb and therefore significantly shorter than several unique prokaryotic genes, hence can be sequenced faster and in a comparatively cheaper manner. The commonly used databases for analyzing and sequencing 16S data are EzTaxon-e and Ribosomal Database Project (Pevsner, 2015) Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) is a cluster of organisms that are being studied that share significantly diverse characteristics and DNA gene sequence of above 97%.The Binning process allows grouping of these cluster of organisms and assigning them to OUT by use of algorithms based on composition, alignment similarity or both. The phylogenic analysis is used to determine which OUTs represent significant changes in a population by noting the dissimilarities (Pevsner, 2015). Metagenomic shotgun (WMS) analysis differs from a Metatranscriptomics analysis in that WMS reveals functional and metabolic processes that are possible and present in a microbial community while Metatranscriptomics analysis is able to reveal which of these metabolic processes are active, their regulation and expression (Pevsner, 2015). An example of a catalog of reference pathways are metabolic and catalogue gene pathways. The gene pathway inference process involves chemical recognition of the chromosomal origin of replication, replicative supercoiling of replication origin, unwinding of the replication origin, replicative DNA helicase loading through the ring-breaking mechanism, replicative DNA helicase loading through ring making mechanism and DNA unwinding ahead of replication fork (Pevsner, 2015). The gnotobiotic process is the controlling and accounting for of all microorganism present within an organism. During obesity, there is typically reduced motility throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Thus the microbiota may be perturbed since they have significantly increased the time for multiplication and therefore cause intestinal bacteria overgrowth that can lead to several conditions that include irritable bowel syndrome. One of the bacterial phyla that are disturbed is Proteobacteria In which Campylobacter coli belong, a normal flora (microbiota) normally present throughout the gut (Bauman, 2014). Fecal microbiota transplantation is the process of collecting, treating and transferring of fecal matter mixed with fluid from a tested individual to another person with diminished beneficial normal flora for replacement. A common disease treated through this procedure is pseudo membranous colitis that is caused by clostridium difficile infection (Bauman, 2014). References Bauman, R. W. (2014),Microbiology with diseases by taxonomy, Harlow Pearson Baker, S., Nicklin, J., Griffiths, C. (2011),Microbiology, New York: Garland Science. Pevsner, J. (2015),Bioinformatics and functional genomics, Chichester : Wiley-Blackwel.